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- Absolute URL:
- A URL that begins with http://
Only use this within your site when you want to create a link to
another site. Within your site all your links should use Relative URLs.
- Attributes:
- Attributes modify tags. Usually they are optional,
but some tags require an attribute such as the image tag. They are
always designated by a single space after the tag. Example:
<img src=
"image.gif">
SRC is the source or location of the image to be inserted in the page.
- Bandwidth:
- Term used to describe the transfer of files from a Host Server
to a client browser. All pages load by downloading files to the browser
for display on the moniter. More graphics and other large files will
create the need for a server with a larger bandwidth.
- Bitmap:
- Painted images created in Photoshop or Paintbrush are
bitmap images i.e. - defined by pixels. When you resize the pixels in a
bitmap image, data is created or thrown out and image quality is affected.
Always scan for your final out put (in a perfect world). Scan at 200 or 300
dpi for your matte our glossy publishing materials and at 72 dpi
(or a multiple like 144 dpi) for web based images.
- Browser:
- Client software that you use request and browse files on the
Net. The two main browsers are Netscape and Internet Explorer.
- Browser Safe Colors:
- The 216 colors that are largely consistent
across all browsers and platforms. See our
color chart for an image of the safe
colors.
- Cache:
- Your browser stores the most recently viewed images here in
case you go back to the same spot. In that case it uses the files in the
cache to redraw the page rather than download the images again. You can
set the preferences in your browser to check for new images once per
session or however often you choose. This greatly affects your speed when
browsing.
- CGI:
- Common Gateway Interface - programs on the server side that add
interactivity and perform functions that HTML can't handle. Often used in
feedback forms.
- CLIENT:
- Person (or Company) for whom the web site is being designed
or is in need of other services being provided.
- Client & server:
- Client is you (browser) and the server is the
machine that host the files which you request. Image maps can be handled
by your browser (client side) or by the server (yes, server side). Pages
can be set to automatically reload or jump to another page (client pull).
- Color:
- RGB is used for additive color on screen. Indexed is 8 bit
color (GIFs) and CMYK is used for print production.
- Diffusion:
- When you save as GIF you can choose
diffusion as one of the options. This means that the image may become
softer when it attempts to convert the color space from RGB to Index.
See dithering below. Often an adaptive diffusion dither is best, but
it depends on the image. Try it several different ways saving each
version under a different name and choose which one looks best and
has the smallest file size.
- Dithering:
- When you save as GIF for example and you change the
color space from RGB (millions) to Indexed (256 colors). You can choose
to let Photoshop "dither" when it converts the palette. This means that
it will use a pattern to approximate a color in a region when it goes
over the 256 limit. This can produce noticeable dot patterns but is often
better than the banding produced when "no dither" is selected. Images with
fewer colors in the design are less likely to "band". Depending
on your image, you should choose no dithering or allow it. In the case of
line art, for example you may not need dithering.
- DOS:
- An acronym that stands for Disk Operating System. The precursor
of Windows 3.1 and Windows 95. DOS is used on PC floppy disks. If you want
to create a floppy based portfolio, remember that your file names must fit
the DOS naming convention of 8.3 That means a less than eight character name
with a 3 letter extension. Example: image.gif is OK photographs.html would need
to be renamed phtogrfs.htm or something similar to work on a PC floppy disk.
- DPI:
- Dots per inch. Most Mac screens display only 72 dpi. Printers
print at 300, 600, 720 and 1440 dpi. That's why sometimes your image looks
poor on a printed copy but great on a screen. You never need any more than
72 dpi for an inline image. Remember to scan and reduce your images in
multiples. If you plan to print an image at 300 dpi and use it on your web
page, then do 2 scans at each resolution so that you maintain image quality.
- Domain Name:
- Your personal address on the Net such as www.your_name_on_the_net.com.
Can end with .org , .gov , .com , .edu and many more but those are the most common.
- DNS server:
- A server that translates a request for a certain site
from the domain name such as http://www.something.com to the hard address
http://208.88.105.26 If the domain server in your neck of the woods goes
down you can always type in the Internet Protocol (IP) address like the one
above and get through.
- Frames:
- A page within a page like the one used at
Roses Longaberger Site . Allows you to have several windows of info
within the main window of your web browser. To some it's a navigational
nightmare since it is often hard to bookmark. To others its a navigational
design godsend. You choose which side of the fence...
- FTP:
- File Transfer Protocol - the protocol used by file transfer
programs such as Fetch and Anarchie. We'll use it to
upload files to the server once we've created
a site. Then we'll use HTTP (see below ) when viewing the site with our browser.
- Gamma:
- Mac and PC monitors display images within a different range of
light and dark. PCs tend to display their images darker than a Mac. The
new PNG format takes into account the viewing machines gamma and adjusts
accordingly. Until this becomes a standard, you can change your Macs gamma
to "uncorrected" to get an idea what an image will look like on a PC
monitor.
- GIF (animated, transparent, interlaced):
- Compuserve
Graphic Image
Format a bitmapped color image format.
Commonly used for images such as logos which have palettes less than 256
colors because of it's efficient compression scheme.
- GUI:
- pronounced "GOOEY". An acronym that stands for
Graphical User
Interface. Commands are executed by clicking with a mouse on a
graphical icon rather than a keyboard ( cf. CLUI ). Examples of such
systems are Mac and Windows 95.
- Host Server:
- The server where the files for a given web site are stored.
- HTML:
- HyperText
Markup Language.
- the code used to convert ordinary text files into image laden documents
with hyperlinks, multimedia elements and interactive capabilities.
- HTTP:
- HyperText
Transfer Protocall.
- the Protocol used by Web. Compare to FTP.
- Hyperlink:
- Text, images or media which are linked to another image,
page, file, etc.
- Imagemaps (client side & server side):
- Points are plotted on a
graphic image to create regions. These are used to map hyperlinks on
images so that certain designated areas are "hot spots" that each link to
different files/locations. These maps can be read by your browser and or
can be read on the server.
- ISP:
- Internet Service Provider - your link to the Internet. Provides you
with a local number to dial into 24 hours a day / 7 days a week for
a connection to the Net.
- Java & Javascript:
- Java is a programming language that can run on any
platform. Web designers use it to add interactivity that HTML doesn't
offer. Javascript was created by Netscape so that designers could add it
to the actual HTML files rather than run it as a separate file. Watch out
for issues of operability and compatability. For the latest news check out
C/Net's' web site Builder.com
- JPEG:
- Joint
Photographic Experts
Group. An image file format that employs a compression scheme which
works best with photos or images with continuous tone. Handles millions of
colors, but compression means that some color fidelity/quality is lost
each time you save in this format. Be sure to have an original saved in
another format just in case you need to go back and edit an image.
- LAN vs. WAN:
- Types of networks - Local
Area Networks
(intranet ~ such as in offices, libraries, and in a class room) and
Wide Area
Networks (Internet).
- MPEG:
- Motion
Picture Experts
Group is for a type of media file which contains audio and video.
- Optimizing:
- See; Diffusion above.
- Plug in:
- A software component that runs in conjuction with your browser
software to extend the capabilities of HTML.
- PPP:
- Point to P
oint Protocall. Software that makes a
connection between your computer's modem and your ISP's modem.
- Quicktime:
- MAC multimedia software that allows you to play movies and
sounds. Available for both the Mac and PC at
http://quicktime.apple.com
- Relative URL:
- A Url that does not use an http:// call. Since no
hard address on the Internet is given, the Browser makes the request
based on the location of the page that calls for that file. This type of
URL should be used in all the links within your site that point to other
files within your site. Not only does this conserve bandwidth, it also
means that the site you design will run locally. I.E. - It can run off a
floppy disk or CD without need of an Internet connection. Perfect for
presentations or portfolios.
- Rollovers:
- Images that change when you "rollover" them with
the mouse cursor. Mostly used for buttons like the pages here at
Candlelight Web Design.
- Search engines vs. Indexes:
- Search engines such as Lycos and Altavista
actively poll the web to see what is out there via robots and spiders as
opposed to Directories such as Yahoo which passively accept additions to
their site from visitors.
- Server:
- A large set of hard drives and a proccessor(s) that must maintain
a constant and continious connection to the internet for storing and accessing
files for web sites.
- Tags:
- The base system of html consists of "tags" like <html> and <font>, all of can be modified in some way with "atributes".
- Tables:
- Tables are the most important element in HTML. They are
used more often, in more ways and are More versitile than any other tag
used. They are basically the stonework in building web pages. They can be
modified to be displayed with or without the borders, background colors,
background pictures, images text,...
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Use them for main page layouts,
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or placement,
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| positioning
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to the
left
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or to the right.
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- TCP/IP:
- Transmission
Control Protocall /
Internet Protocall.
It's the language that all computers must speak to communicate on the Internet.
Your PC has TCP/IP software that converts from it's native computer
language to the language of the Net.
- URL:
- Universal Resource
Locater. - A web page address that begins
with http:// (most browsers will add http:// to the address you type so it's
not always necessary to use it when surfing).
 
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